.sr-only{clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.study-home,.subject-page{padding-top:34px}.study-eyebrow,.study-breadcrumb{color:var(--muted);justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;display:flex}.study-hero{grid-template-columns:1.4fr 1fr;align-items:center;gap:80px;padding:70px 0 86px;display:grid}.study-hero h1{font:500 clamp(48px,5.7vw,78px)/1.04 var(--font-display),sans-serif;letter-spacing:-4px}.study-hero h1 em{color:var(--blue);letter-spacing:-3px;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-weight:400}.study-hero p{max-width:480px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:28px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8}.study-start{border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);align-items:center;gap:60px;margin-top:30px;padding:13px 0;font-size:13px;display:inline-flex}.study-start span{color:var(--blue);font-size:24px}.notebook-art{justify-self:center;width:min(100%,320px);transition:transform .4s;position:relative;transform:rotate(7deg)}.notebook-art:hover{transform:rotate(3deg)translateY(-5px)}.notebook-cover{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:29px 24px 28px 39px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:10px 12px #deded3}.notebook-cover:after{content:"";opacity:.18;pointer-events:none;background-image:linear-gradient(#fff2 1px,#0000 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,#fff2 1px,#0000 1px);background-size:22px 22px;position:absolute;inset:0}.notebook-cover>.mono{letter-spacing:.12em;font-size:9px}.notebook-cover strong{font:600 82px/.95 var(--font-display),sans-serif;letter-spacing:-5px;margin:33px 0 22px;display:block;position:relative}.notebook-cover strong i{color:var(--lime);font-size:112px;font-style:normal}.notebook-star{color:var(--lime);font-size:67px;font-weight:400;position:absolute;bottom:14px;right:0}.notebook-rule{background:#ffffff45;height:1px;margin-bottom:20px}.notebook-spine{z-index:2;border-left:1px solid #ffffff25;position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:12px}.notebook-sticker{z-index:3;text-align:center;background:var(--lime);width:99px;height:99px;color:var(--ink);border:4px double var(--ink);border-radius:50%;place-content:center;font:italic 20px/1.1 Georgia,serif;display:grid;position:absolute;bottom:28px;right:-28px;transform:rotate(-17deg)}.study-strip{border-block:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:20px;padding:21px 0;display:flex}.study-strip b{color:var(--ink);font:500 24px var(--font-display);vertical-align:middle;margin-right:9px}.study-directory{padding:64px 0;scroll-margin-top:24px}.study-section-heading{justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;gap:24px;margin-bottom:30px;display:flex}.study-section-heading .mono{color:var(--muted);font-size:10px}.study-section-heading h2,.study-writing h2{font:500 35px/1.15 var(--font-display),sans-serif;letter-spacing:-1.5px;margin-top:14px}.study-section-heading>p{color:var(--muted);font-size:13px;line-height:1.7}.study-search{margin:0 0 30px}.study-search-bar{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#ffffff52;align-items:center;min-height:58px;display:flex}.study-search-bar>span{color:var(--blue);margin-left:20px;font-size:30px}.study-search input{width:100%;min-width:0;color:var(--ink);font:14px var(--font-body),sans-serif;background:0 0;border:0;padding:17px 14px}.study-search select{border:0;border-left:1px solid var(--line);max-width:210px;font:11px var(--font-body),sans-serif;color:var(--muted);background:0 0;margin-right:16px;padding:9px 10px}.study-search-results{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fafaf7;border-top:0;max-height:560px;padding:22px;overflow:auto}.study-search-results>p{color:var(--muted);font-size:13px;line-height:1.7}.study-search-results>p:first-child{margin-bottom:16px;font-size:10px}.study-search-results>a{border-top:1px solid var(--line);flex-direction:column;gap:7px;padding:17px 0;display:flex}.study-search-results>a>.mono{color:var(--blue);font-size:9px}.study-search-results>a>strong{font-size:15px;font-weight:500}.study-search-results>a>span:last-child{color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;line-height:1.6}.study-search-results>a:hover strong{color:var(--blue)}.subject-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;display:grid}.subject-card{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#ffffff25;flex-direction:column;min-height:330px;padding:24px;transition:transform .22s,background .22s,border-color .22s;display:flex}.subject-card:hover{border-color:var(--ink);background:#fff9;transform:translateY(-5px)}.subject-card-top{color:var(--muted);justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;font-size:9px;display:flex}.subject-card-top>span:last-child{text-transform:uppercase}.subject-symbol{color:var(--blue);margin:29px 0 20px;font:52px/1 Arial,sans-serif}.subject-card h3{font:500 24px/1.15 var(--font-display),sans-serif;letter-spacing:-.7px;max-width:270px}.subject-card p{color:var(--muted);max-width:260px;margin-top:13px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65}.subject-card-bottom{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin-top:auto;padding-top:24px;display:flex}.subject-card-bottom .mono{color:var(--muted);font-size:9px}.subject-card-bottom>span:last-child{font-size:24px}.subject-tone-0{background:#e5e9dd}.subject-tone-2{background:#e2e7f1}.subject-tone-4{background:#eae6ef}.subject-tone-6{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);border-color:var(--ink)}.subject-tone-6 .subject-symbol{color:var(--lime)}.subject-tone-6 p,.subject-tone-6 .mono{color:#bdc0b5}.subject-tone-6:hover{background:#2b2d25}.study-note{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr;gap:25px 60px;padding:35px 0 50px;display:grid}.study-note>.mono{color:var(--muted);padding-top:7px;font-size:10px}.study-note>p{font:400 24px/1.5 var(--font-display),sans-serif;letter-spacing:-.5px;max-width:720px}.study-note>div{color:var(--muted);grid-column:2;gap:12px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.study-note a{color:var(--blue);border-bottom:1px solid}.study-writing{border-block:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:30px;padding:30px 0;display:flex}.study-writing .mono{color:var(--muted);font-size:9px}.study-writing h2{letter-spacing:-.7px;margin-top:10px;font-size:25px}.study-writing>a{border-bottom:1px solid;padding-bottom:5px;font-size:12px}.study-footer{font:10px var(--font-mono),monospace;color:var(--muted);justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;display:flex;padding-block:32px!important}.study-footer>div{gap:24px;display:flex}.study-breadcrumb{margin-bottom:28px;font-size:10px}.study-breadcrumb a:hover{color:var(--blue)}.subject-tabs{border-block:1px solid var(--line);scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:var(--line) transparent;gap:0;display:flex;overflow-x:auto}.subject-tabs a{white-space:nowrap;border-bottom:2px solid #0000;padding:17px 18px;font-size:11px}.subject-tabs a:first-child{padding-left:0}.subject-tabs a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--blue);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)}.subject-tabs a:hover{color:var(--blue)}.subject-header{justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;gap:35px;padding:48px 0 34px;display:flex}.subject-header .mono{color:var(--muted);font-size:10px}.subject-header h1{font:500 clamp(35px,4.6vw,58px)/1.06 var(--font-display),sans-serif;letter-spacing:-2.5px;max-width:780px;margin-top:17px}.subject-header p{color:var(--muted);margin-top:19px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6}.subject-meta{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;flex-direction:column;gap:11px;padding-bottom:4px;display:flex}.study-reading-layout{grid-template-columns:235px minmax(0,1fr);gap:64px;margin-top:35px;padding-bottom:60px;display:grid}.study-toc{align-self:start;max-height:calc(100vh - 48px);position:sticky;top:24px;overflow:auto}.study-toc>.mono{color:var(--muted);font-size:10px}.study-toc nav{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:20px}.study-toc nav a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:20px 1fr;align-items:start;gap:10px;padding:13px 0;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;display:grid}.study-toc nav .mono{color:var(--blue);padding-top:3px;font-size:9px}.study-toc nav a:hover{color:var(--blue)}.study-toc>p{color:var(--muted);margin:24px 0 13px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.8}.study-correction{color:var(--blue);font-size:11px}.study-reading-content{min-width:0;max-width:900px}.reading-tools{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;padding-bottom:20px;display:flex}.reading-tools>div{gap:16px;display:flex}.reading-tools button{color:var(--muted);background:0 0;border:0;padding:4px 0;font-size:11px}.reading-tools button:hover{color:var(--blue)}.study-module{padding-top:38px;scroll-margin-top:25px}.study-module>h2{font:500 25px/1.3 var(--font-display),sans-serif;letter-spacing:-.7px;margin-bottom:20px}.study-overview{background:#e9ebdf;margin-top:24px;padding:25px 26px}.study-overview>h2{margin-bottom:12px;font-size:17px}.study-overview .study-prose{font-size:13px;line-height:1.8}.study-overview .study-prose h2{letter-spacing:-.2px;font-size:16px}.study-question{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);scroll-margin-top:24px}.study-question:first-of-type{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.study-question>summary{cursor:pointer;font:500 16px/1.6 var(--font-display),sans-serif;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;gap:20px;padding:20px 0;list-style:none;display:flex}.study-question>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.study-question>summary:hover{color:var(--blue)}.question-toggle{font:400 24px/1 var(--font-body),sans-serif;color:var(--blue);flex-shrink:0;padding-top:2px;transition:transform .2s}.study-question[open]>summary>.question-toggle{transform:rotate(45deg)}.study-question[open]>summary{color:var(--blue)}.question-body{padding:0 0 25px}.question-permalink{color:var(--muted);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);margin-bottom:20px;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:9px;display:inline-block}.study-prose{overflow-wrap:anywhere;color:#3e433a;font-size:15px;line-height:1.9}.study-prose>:first-child{margin-top:0}.study-prose>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.study-prose p{margin:0 0 19px}.study-prose h1,.study-prose h2,.study-prose h3,.study-prose h4{font:500 22px/1.4 var(--font-display),sans-serif;letter-spacing:-.5px;color:var(--ink);margin:30px 0 14px}.study-prose h3{font-size:19px}.study-prose h4{font-size:17px}.study-prose ul,.study-prose ol{margin:12px 0 22px;padding-left:24px}.study-prose li{margin-block:7px;padding-left:3px}.study-prose li>p{margin-bottom:8px}.study-prose strong,.study-prose b{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}.study-prose a{color:var(--blue);text-underline-offset:3px;text-decoration:underline}.study-prose hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin:28px 0}.study-prose blockquote{border-left:3px solid var(--blue);background:#e8ebf3;margin:20px 0;padding:12px 20px}.study-prose img{object-fit:contain;background:#fff;width:auto;max-width:100%;max-height:640px;margin:24px auto;display:block}.study-table{border:1px solid var(--line);margin:22px 0;overflow:auto}.study-prose table{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65}.study-prose th,.study-prose td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);border-right:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top;min-width:110px;padding:13px 15px}.study-prose th{color:var(--ink);background:#e6e8df;font-weight:600}.study-prose tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}.study-prose td:last-child,.study-prose th:last-child{border-right:0}.study-prose code{font:12px/1.8 var(--font-mono),monospace;overflow-wrap:anywhere;background:#e6e7df;padding:2px 5px}.study-code{color:#e7eddb;background:#191c17;margin:22px 0;overflow:hidden}.study-code-bar{color:#c1d588;text-transform:uppercase;border-bottom:1px solid #ffffff25;justify-content:space-between;padding:10px 17px;font-size:9px;display:flex}.study-code-bar button{color:#d6dbc9;background:0 0;border:0;font-size:10px}.study-code pre{margin:0;padding:19px;line-height:1.8;overflow:auto}.study-code code{color:inherit;white-space:pre;overflow-wrap:normal;background:0 0;padding:0;font-size:12px}.study-diagram{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fafbf6;min-height:70px;margin:22px 0;padding:20px 16px;overflow:auto}.study-diagram svg{max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:auto;display:block}.study-diagram details{color:var(--muted);margin-top:10px;font-size:10px}.study-diagram summary{cursor:pointer}.study-diagram pre{font:11px/1.6 var(--font-mono);overflow:auto}.study-prose .katex-display{max-width:100%;padding:10px 0;overflow:auto hidden}.study-next{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:40px;padding-top:45px}.study-next>.mono{color:var(--muted);font-size:9px}.study-next>a{font:500 26px/1.3 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.7px;justify-content:space-between;gap:25px;margin-top:16px;display:flex}.study-next>a span{color:var(--blue)}.writing-page{min-height:70vh;padding-top:55px;padding-bottom:65px}.writing-hero{max-width:750px;padding:50px 0 55px}.writing-hero h1{font:500 clamp(46px,6vw,76px)/1.04 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-3px}.writing-hero h1 em{color:var(--blue);font:italic 1em Georgia,serif}.writing-hero p{color:var(--muted);max-width:500px;margin-top:24px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.8}.writing-empty{border-block:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:30px;padding:35px 0;display:flex}.writing-empty p{color:var(--muted);font-size:15px;line-height:1.8}.writing-empty a{color:var(--blue);border-bottom:1px solid;padding-bottom:5px;font-size:13px}.article-list>a{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:30px 0;display:block}.article-list h2{font:500 29px var(--font-display);margin:14px 0}.article-list p{color:var(--muted);line-height:1.8}.article-body{max-width:760px;margin:auto}.article-header{padding:55px 0 35px}.article-header h1{font:500 clamp(35px,5vw,57px)/1.1 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-2px;margin:20px 0}.article-header p{color:var(--muted);font-size:16px;line-height:1.8}.article-header .mono{color:var(--muted);font-size:10px}@media (max-width:1100px){.nav nav{gap:22px}.study-hero{gap:45px}.study-hero h1{letter-spacing:-2.5px}.notebook-art{width:265px}.notebook-cover strong{font-size:70px}.notebook-cover strong i{font-size:95px}.study-reading-layout{grid-template-columns:200px minmax(0,1fr);gap:35px}.subject-meta{font-size:9px!important}}@media (max-width:800px){.study-hero{gap:30px}.study-hero h1{font-size:49px}.notebook-art{width:220px}.notebook-cover{padding:23px 17px 22px 28px}.notebook-cover strong{margin-block:25px;font-size:60px}.notebook-cover strong i{font-size:85px}.notebook-star{font-size:50px}.notebook-sticker{width:80px;height:80px;font-size:17px;right:-12px}.notebook-cover>.mono{font-size:7px}.subject-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.study-reading-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px}.study-toc{max-height:none;position:static}.study-toc nav{gap:20px;display:flex;overflow:auto}.study-toc nav a{border-bottom:0;min-width:180px;max-width:230px;padding-block:15px}.study-toc>p,.study-correction{display:none}.subject-header{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:20px}.subject-meta{text-align:left;flex-flow:wrap;gap:20px}.study-note{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.study-note>div{grid-column:1}.study-note>p{font-size:22px}}@media (max-width:600px){.study-home,.subject-page{padding-top:25px}.study-eyebrow{font-size:8px}.study-eyebrow>span:last-child{display:none}.study-hero{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:44px;padding:35px 0 40px}.study-hero h1{letter-spacing:-2px;font-size:clamp(39px,10vw,57px)}.study-hero h1 em{letter-spacing:-1.5px}.study-hero p{margin-top:22px;font-size:14px}.study-start{margin-top:21px}.notebook-art{justify-self:center;width:210px;margin:0 12px 10px 0}.notebook-cover strong{margin:22px 0 15px;font-size:57px}.notebook-cover strong i{font-size:77px}.notebook-cover{padding-block:22px}.study-strip{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px;padding:16px 0;font-size:8px}.study-strip b{margin-right:5px;font-size:20px}.study-strip>span:last-child{flex-basis:100%;font-size:8px}.study-directory{padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:38px}.study-section-heading{margin-bottom:22px;display:block}.study-section-heading h2{letter-spacing:-1px;font-size:29px}.study-section-heading>p{display:none}.study-section-heading .mono{font-size:8px}.study-search-bar{flex-wrap:wrap;min-height:auto}.study-search-bar>span{margin-left:14px}.study-search input{width:calc(100% - 50px);padding:18px 10px;font-size:12px}.study-search select{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);width:100%;max-width:none;margin:0;padding:12px;font-size:11px}.subject-grid{gap:12px}.subject-card{min-height:275px;padding:17px}.subject-card-top{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;font-size:8px}.subject-symbol{margin:22px 0 18px;font-size:37px}.subject-card h3{letter-spacing:-.5px;font-size:19px}.subject-card p{font-size:11px;line-height:1.65}.subject-card-bottom{gap:8px;padding-top:18px}.subject-card-bottom .mono{font-size:7px;line-height:1.6}.subject-card-bottom>span:last-child{font-size:20px}.study-note{padding:25px 0 35px}.study-note>p{font-size:20px}.study-note>div{flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:11px}.study-writing{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:20px}.study-writing h2{font-size:24px}.study-footer{flex-direction:column;gap:15px;font-size:9px}.study-breadcrumb{margin-bottom:22px;font-size:8px}.subject-tabs a{padding:14px;font-size:10px}.subject-header{padding:30px 0 25px}.subject-header h1{letter-spacing:-1.5px;font-size:36px}.subject-header p{margin-top:15px;font-size:13px}.subject-header .mono{font-size:9px}.subject-meta{font-size:8px!important}.study-reading-layout{margin-top:25px;padding-bottom:30px}.reading-tools{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:18px}.reading-tools button{font-size:10px}.study-overview{padding:20px}.study-module>h2{font-size:22px}.study-overview>h2{font-size:17px}.study-question>summary{gap:16px;padding:18px 0;font-size:15px}.study-prose{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9}.study-prose th,.study-prose td{min-width:105px;padding:10px;font-size:12px}.study-code pre{padding:14px}.study-code code{font-size:11px}.study-next>a{font-size:22px}.writing-page{padding-top:28px}.writing-hero{padding:35px 0}.writing-empty{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.article-header{padding-top:35px}}@media (max-width:360px){.subject-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.subject-card{min-height:250px}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.notebook-art,.subject-card,.question-toggle{transition:none}}@media print{.topline,.nav,.study-breadcrumb,.subject-tabs,.study-search,.study-toc,.reading-tools,.question-permalink,.study-next,.study-footer,.skip{display:none!important}.wrap{width:100%!important}.study-reading-layout{display:block}.study-question>summary{break-after:avoid}.study-question{border-color:#aaa}.study-code{color:#111;background:#f3f3f3}.study-code-bar{color:#333}.study-code-bar button{display:none}.study-prose{font-size:11pt}.subject-header{padding-top:0}.study-table{overflow:visible}.study-prose a{color:#111}.study-prose img{max-height:400px}}.writing-page{padding-top:22px}.writing-intro{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:35px;display:flex}.writing-hero{padding:45px 0 50px}.writing-hero>.mono{margin-bottom:25px;font-size:9px}.writing-mark{color:var(--blue);margin-right:55px;font:180px/1 Georgia,serif;transform:rotate(-12deg)}.writing-tabs{border-block:1px solid var(--line);gap:30px;display:flex}.writing-tabs>a{border-bottom:2px solid #0000;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:18px 0;font-size:13px;display:flex}.writing-tabs>a>span{font:9px var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted)}.writing-tabs>a[aria-current=page]{border-bottom-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue)}.writing-notes{padding-top:35px}.writing-notes .study-section-heading h2{letter-spacing:-1px;font-size:28px}.writing-notes-foot{border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted);justify-content:space-between;gap:35px;margin-top:35px;padding-top:23px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;display:flex}.writing-notes-foot p{max-width:590px}.writing-notes-foot a{white-space:nowrap;color:var(--blue)}.writing-articles{padding-top:30px}.writing-articles .writing-empty{border-top:0;min-height:230px}.writing-empty h2{font:500 28px var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.8px;margin:15px 0}.writing-empty .mono{color:var(--muted);font-size:9px}@media (max-width:800px){.writing-mark{margin-right:15px;font-size:115px}.writing-notes-foot{flex-direction:column;gap:12px}}@media (max-width:600px){.writing-intro{display:block}.writing-mark{display:none}.writing-hero{padding:25px 0 35px}.writing-hero>.mono{margin-bottom:20px;font-size:8px}.writing-tabs{gap:28px}.writing-tabs>a{padding:15px 0;font-size:12px}.writing-notes{padding-top:28px}.writing-notes .study-section-heading h2{font-size:26px}.writing-empty h2{font-size:25px}}.reading-tools{flex-wrap:wrap}.reading-status{color:var(--blue);flex-basis:100%;font-size:10px}.reading-tools button:disabled{cursor:wait;opacity:.6}.live-readers{color:var(--muted);align-items:center;gap:8px;min-height:20px;margin:0 0 20px;font-size:11px;display:flex}.reader-dot{background:var(--muted);border-radius:50%;flex-shrink:0;width:6px;height:6px}.live-readers[data-connected=true] .reader-dot{background:#65a330;box-shadow:0 0 0 3px #65a33018}@media print{.live-readers{display:none}}